In homogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in the same phase as the reactant. The number of collisions between reactants and catalyst is at a maximum.In a patent, 1011-65-0, name is Methyl 1H-indole-5-carboxylate, introducing its new discovery. Quality Control of: Methyl 1H-indole-5-carboxylate
Enantioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylations of a variety of indoles with ethyl 3,3,3-trifluoropyruvate catalyzed by novel chiral m-phenylene- bis(imidazoline)-copper(II) complexes or the bis-(imidazoline)-achiral acid combination afforded products with high enantioselectivity. Both enantiomers of indole derivatives can be prepared with high enantioselectivities by tuning the N-substituents of the imidazoline.
The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 1011-65-0 is helpful to your research. Quality Control of: Methyl 1H-indole-5-carboxylate
Reference：
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles