Day: October 18, 2021

An article Synthesis and antiviral effect of novel fluoxetine analogues as enterovirus 2C inhibitors WOS:000540343900005 published article about POLIOVIRUS; REPLICATION; PROTEIN; ATPASE; CLASSICS; MOTIF in [Manganaro, Roberto; Zonsics, Birgit; Lopez, Moira Lorenzo; Saporito, Fabiana; Ferla, Salvatore; Brancale, Andrea] Cardiff Univ, Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, King Edward VII Ave, Cardiff CF10 3NB, Wales; [Bauer, Lisa; Donselaar, Tim; Zwaagstra, Marleen; Strating, Jeroen R. P. M.; Hurdiss, Daniel L.; van Kuppeveld, Frank J. M.] Univ Utrecht, Fac Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis & Immunol, Virol Div, NL-3584 CL Utrecht, Netherlands; [Coutard, Bruno] UVE Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm 1207, IHU Mediterranee Infect, Unite Virus Emergents,IRD 190, Marseille, France; [Coutard, Bruno] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, AFMB UMR 7257, Marseille, France in 2020, Cited 24. The Name is 3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenol. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 98-17-9. Formula: C7H5F3O

Enteroviruses (EV) are a group of positive-strand RNA ( + RNA) viruses that include many important human pathogens (e.g. poliovirus, coxsackievirus, echovirus, numbered enteroviruses and rhinoviruses). Fluoxetine was identified in drug repurposing screens as potent inhibitor of enterovirus B and enterovirus D replication. In this paper we are reporting the synthesis and the antiviral effect of a series of fluoxetine analogues. The results obtained offer a preliminary insight into the structure-activity relationship of its chemical scaffold and confirm the importance of the chiral configuration. We identified a racemic fluoxetine analogue, 2b, which showed a similar antiviral activity compared to (S)-fluoxetine. Investigating the stereochemistry of 2b revealed that the Senantiomer exerts potent antiviral activity and increased the antiviral spectrum compared to the racemic mixture of 2b. In line with the observed antiviral effect, the Senantiomer displayed a dose-dependent shift in the melting temperature in thermal shift assays, indicative for direct binding to the recombinant 2C protein.

Formula: C7H5F3O. About 3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenol, If you have any questions, you can contact Manganaro, R; Zonsics, B; Bauer, L; Lopez, ML; Donselaar, T; Zwaagstra, M; Saporito, F; Ferla, S; Strating, JRPM; Coutard, B; Hurdiss, DL; van Kuppeveld, FJM; Brancale, A or concate me.

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

An article Effects on must and wine volatile composition after biostimulation with a brown alga to Tempranillo grapevines in two seasons WOS:000558671200001 published article about VITIS-VINIFERA; SEAWEED POLYSACCHARIDES; ASCOPHYLLUM-NODOSUM; FOLIAR APPLICATION; AROMA COMPOUNDS; NITROGEN; GRAPES; FERMENTATION; EVOLUTION; VARIETIES in [Gutierrez-Gamboa, Gaston; Garde-Cerdan, Teresa; Rubio-Breton, Pilar; Perez-Alvarez, Eva P.] Univ La Rioja, Inst Ciencias Vid & Vino, Gobierno La Rioja, Grp VIENAP,CSIC, Ctra Burgos,Km 6, Logrono 26007, Spain; [Perez-Alvarez, Eva P.] CSIC, Ctr Edafol & Biol Aplicada Segura CEBAS, Campus Univ Espinardo,Ed 25, Murcia 30100, Spain in 2021.0, Cited 45.0. The Name is Benzyl Alcohol. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 100-51-6. SDS of cas: 100-51-6

BACKGROUND Seaweed application has been defined as a novel technique capable of improving the content of secondary metabolites in berries. There is limited available information about its effects on must and wine volatile composition. This field trial aimed to study the effects of biostimulation to Tempranillo grapevines through anAscophyllum nodosumfertilizer applied at a low dosage (Ld) and high dosage (Hd) on must and wine volatile compounds over two seasons. RESULTS Ld treatment scarcely affected must and wine volatile compounds in both seasons. Hd foliar application increased the content in musts of several individual terpenoids, C(13)norisoprenoids, esters, benzenoids, alcohols, carbonyl compounds and C6 compounds in 2018. Must yeast assimilable nitrogen conditioned the production of wine volatile compounds. CONCLUSION These results suggest that seaweeds applications can act as elicitors in Tempranillo, triggering the synthesis of several compounds by the plant in musts during a season with a high rainfall and relative humidity. (c) 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

About Benzyl Alcohol, If you have any questions, you can contact Gutierrez-Gamboa, G; Garde-Cerdan, T; Rubio-Breton, P; Perez-Alvarez, EP or concate me.. SDS of cas: 100-51-6

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

An article Magnesium Halide-Catalyzed Synthesis of Oxaspiro[2.5]octenes from a Methylenecyclopropane and Acyl Cyanoalkenes WOS:000664252100009 published article about MGI2-MEDIATED RING EXPANSIONS; OXA-MICHAEL REACTION; CYCLOADDITION; LEWIS; ALKYLIDENECYCLOPROPANES; 2-METHYLENEAZIRIDINES; HETEROCYCLES; ANNULATION in [Suzuki, Itaru; Shibata, Ikuya] Osaka Univ, Res Ctr Environm Preservat, 2-4 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan; [Ogura, Kazuki; Shimazu, Jun-ya; Shibata, Ikuya] Osaka Univ, Dept Appl Chem, Grad Sch Engn, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan in 2021, Cited 33. The Name is 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 123-11-5. Formula: C8H8O2

MgX2-catalyzed annulation of methylenecyclopropanes with acyl cyanoalkenes was accomplished to give oxaspiro[2.5]octenes in excellent yields. The reaction proceeded through a rare intramolecular oxa-Michael addition of Mg enolate. The oxaspiro ring was transformed into 4H-pyran at a higher temperature in the presence of MgX2.

Formula: C8H8O2. About 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde, If you have any questions, you can contact Suzuki, I; Ogura, K; Shimazu, J; Shibata, I or concate me.

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Authors Kukkonen, E; Lahtinen, E; Myllyperkio, P; Haukka, M; Konu, J in ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY published article about in [Kukkonen, Esa; Lahtinen, Elmeri; Haukka, Matti; Konu, Jari] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Chem, POB 35, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland; [Myllyperkio, Pasi] Univ Jyvaskyla, Nanosci Ctr, POB 35, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland in 2021, Cited 46. HPLC of Formula: C8H8O2. The Name is 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 123-11-5

Series of highly polar stilbene (1a-e), diphenylbutadiene (2a-c) and phenylethenyIthiophene (3a-c) derivatives were prepared via Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons method with a view to produce new and efficient materials for second harmonic generation (SHG) in the solid-state. The single-crystal X-ray structures of compounds 1-3 reveal extensive polymorphism and a peculiar photodimerization of the 2-chloro-3,4-dimethoxy-4′-nitrostilbene derivative 1a to afford two polymorphs of tetra-aryl cyclobutane 4. The stilbene congeners 2-chloro-3,4-dimethoxy-4′-nitrostilbene (1a. non-centro), 5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-nitro-4′-nitrostilbene (1b) and 4-dimethylamino-4′-nitrostilbene (1e), as well as 4′-fIuoro-4 ”-nitro-1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene (2a) present the ideal, non-centrosymmetric arrangement of the chromophores for nonlinear optical (NLO) activity. Compounds lb and 2a exhibit only relatively Low intensity for second harmonic generation (0.04 and 0.18 times that of urea reference, respectively), while the stilbene polymorph 1a.non-centro shows NLO activity of over 32 times that of urea. In addition, the conjugated diaromatic compounds 1-3 display fluorescence behaviour in CH2Cl2 solutions with the exception of stilbene derivative 1b.

HPLC of Formula: C8H8O2. About 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde, If you have any questions, you can contact Kukkonen, E; Lahtinen, E; Myllyperkio, P; Haukka, M; Konu, J or concate me.

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

An article A Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase from a White-Rot Fungus Drives the Degradation of Lignin by a Versatile Peroxidase WOS:000464986200016 published article about MANGANESE PEROXIDASE; OXIDATIVE CLEAVAGE; CELLULOSE DEGRADATION; MODEL COMPOUNDS; FAST PYROLYSIS; EXPRESSION; BIOMASS; ENZYMES; WOOD; OXIDOREDUCTASES in [Li, Fei; Ma, Fuying; Zhao, Honglu; Zhang, Shu; Wang, Lei; Zhang, Xiaoyu; Yu, Hongbo] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Key Lab Mol Biophys MOE, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China in 2019.0, Cited 67.0. The Name is 4′-Hydroxyacetophenone. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 99-93-4. Product Details of 99-93-4

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), a class of copper-dependent enzymes, play a crucial role in boosting the enzymatic decomposition of polysaccharides. Here, we reveal that LPMOs might be associated with a lignin degradation pathway. An LPMO from white-rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus, LPMO9A (PoLPMO9A), was shown to be able to efficiently drive the activity of class II lignin-degrading peroxidases in vitro through H2O2 production regardless of the presence or absence of a cellulose substrate. An LPMO-driven peroxidase reaction can degrade beta-O-4 and 5-5′ types of lignin dimer with 46.5% and 37.7% degradation, respectively, as well as alter the structure of natural lignin and kraft lignin. H2O2 generated by PoLPMO9A was preferentially utilized for the peroxidase from Physisporinus sp. strain P18 (PsVP) reaction rather than cellulose oxidation, indicating that white-rot fungi may have a strategy for preferential degradation of resistant lignin. This discovery shows that LPMOs may be involved in lignin oxidation as auxiliary enzymes of lignin-degrading peroxidases during the white-rot fungal decay process. IMPORTANCE The enzymatic biodegradation of structural polysaccharides is affected by the degree of delignification of lignocellulose during the white-rot fungal decay process. The lignin matrix decreases accessibility to the substrates for LPMOs. H2O2 has been studied as a cosubstrate for LPMOs, but the formation and utilization of H2O2 in the reactions still represent an intriguing focus of current research. Lignin-degrading peroxidases and LPMOs usually coexist during fungal decay, and therefore, the relationship between H2O2-dependent lignin-degrading peroxidases and LPMOs should be considered during the wood decay process. The current study revealed that white-rot fungal LPMOs may be involved in the degradation of lignin through driving a versatile form of peroxidase activity in vitro and that H2O2 generated by PoLPMO9A was preferentially used for lignin oxidation by lignin-degrading peroxidase (PsVP). These findings reveal a potential relationship between LPMOs and lignin degradation, which will be of great significance for further understanding the contribution of LPMOs to the white-rot fungal decay process.

Product Details of 99-93-4. About 4′-Hydroxyacetophenone, If you have any questions, you can contact Li, F; Ma, FY; Zhao, HL; Zhang, S; Wang, L; Zhang, XY; Yu, HB or concate me.

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

An article A combined experimental and DFT investigation of mono azo thiobarbituric acid based chalcone disperse dyes WOS:000600374200002 published article about CHEMICAL-REACTIVITY; DESCRIPTOR in [Omar, Alaa Z.; Mahmoud, Mona N.; El-Sadany, Samir K.; Hamed, Ezzat A.; El-atawy, Mohamed A.] Alexandria Univ, Fac Sci, Chem Dept, PO 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; [El-atawy, Mohamed A.] Taibah Univ, Fac Sci, Chem Dept, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia in 2021, Cited 49. SDS of cas: 123-11-5. The Name is 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 123-11-5

A number of monoazo dyes were synthesized by the reaction of 4-aminoacetophenone with different substituted benzaldehydes to give a new series of chalcone derivatives. The diazonium salts of these chalcones then allowed to react with thiobarbituric acid to produce the appropriate azo dye. The structures of the newly synthesized dyes were assigned by IR, NMR spectral data. IR study confirmed the existence of azo-dioxothioxo tautomer in the solid phase while H-1 NMR study indicated the predominance of azoenol-oxothioxo or hydrazo-dioxothioxo tautomers. The geometries of the azo and hydrazo tautomeric forms and their electronic absorption of the dyes were optimized at B3LYP/6-311G level of theory. All the azo compounds were evaluated for their dyeing performance on polyester fibers, and PET. All the synthesized dyes gave moderate to excellent fastness properties on PET fiber. The effects of the nature of the substituents on the color and dyeing properties of these dyes have been evaluated. The mechanism of dyeing polyester fiber was discussed.

About 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde, If you have any questions, you can contact Omar, AZ; Mahmoud, MN; El-Sadany, SK; Hamed, EA; El-atawy, MA or concate me.. SDS of cas: 123-11-5

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Authors Dale, HJA; Nottingham, C; Poree, C; Lloyd-Jones, GC in AMER CHEMICAL SOC published article about in [Dale, Harvey J. A.; Nottingham, Chris; Poree, Carl; Lloyd-Jones, Guy C.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Chem, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, Midlothian, Scotland in 2021.0, Cited 50.0. Quality Control of 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde. The Name is 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 123-11-5

Alkylidene carbenes undergo rapid inter- and intramolecular reactions and rearrangements, including 1,2-migrations of beta-substituents to generate alkynes. Their propensity for substituent migration exerts profound influence over the broader utility of allcylidene carbene intermediates, yet prior efforts to categorize 1,2-migratory aptitude in these elusive species have been hampered by disparate modes of carbene generation, ultrashort carbene lifetimes, mechanistic ambiguities, and the need to individually prepare a series of C-13-labeled precursors. Herein we report on the rearrangement of C-13-alkylidene carbenes generated in situ by the homologation of carbonyl compounds with [C-13]-Li-TMS-diazomethane, an approach that obviates the need for isotopically labeled substrates and has expedited a systematic investigation (C-13{H-1} NMR, DLPNO-CCSD(T)) of migratory aptitudes in an unprecedented range of more than 30 alkylidene carbenes. Hammett analyses of the reactions of 26 differentially substituted benzophenones reveal several counterintuitive features of 1,2-migration in alkylidene carbenes that may prove of utility in the study and synthetic application of unsaturated carbenes more generally.

About 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde, If you have any questions, you can contact Dale, HJA; Nottingham, C; Poree, C; Lloyd-Jones, GC or concate me.. Quality Control of 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Fei, HY; Xu, ZY; Wu, HM; Zhu, L; Jalani, HB; Li, GG; Fu, Y; Lu, HJ in [Xu, Zheyuan; Fu, Yao] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, CAS Key Lab Urban Pollutant Convers, Anhui Prov Key Lab Biomass Clean Energy,iChEM, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China; [Fei, Haiyang; Wu, Hongmiao; Zhu, Lin; Lu, Hongjian] Nanjing Univ, Inst Chem & BioMed Sci, Jiangsu Key Lab Adv Organ Mat, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China; [Jalani, Hitesh B.] Yonsei Univ, Dept Pharm, Incheon 21983, South Korea; [Jalani, Hitesh B.] Yonsei Univ, Yonsei Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Incheon 21983, South Korea; [Li, Guigen] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA published Stereospecific Electrophilic Fluorocyclization of alpha,beta-Unsaturated Amides with Selectfluor in 2020, Cited 55. HPLC of Formula: C5H8O2. The Name is (E)-2-Methylbut-2-enoic acid. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 80-59-1.

An efficient fluorocyclization of alpha,beta-unsaturated amides through a formal halocyclization process is developed. The reaction proceeds under transition-metal-free conditions and leads to the formation of fluorinated oxazolidine-2,4-diones with excellent regio- and diastereoselectivity. The evaluation of the reaction mechanism based on preliminary experiments and density functional theory calculations suggests that a synergetic syn-oxo-fluorination occurs and is followed by an anti-oxo substitution reaction. The reaction opens a new window in the field of stereospecific fluorofunctionalization.

About (E)-2-Methylbut-2-enoic acid, If you have any questions, you can contact Fei, HY; Xu, ZY; Wu, HM; Zhu, L; Jalani, HB; Li, GG; Fu, Y; Lu, HJ or concate me.. HPLC of Formula: C5H8O2

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Ahankar, H; Ramazani, A; Saeidian, H; Slepokura, K; Lis, T in [Ahankar, H.] Islamic Azad Univ, Dept Chem, Abhar Branch, Abhar, Iran; [Ramazani, A.] Univ Zanjan, Dept Chem, Zanjan, Iran; [Ramazani, A.] Univ Zanjan, Res Inst Modern Biol Tech, Zanjan, Iran; [Saeidian, H.] Payame Noor Univ PUN, Dept Sci, Tehran, Iran; [slepokura, K.; Lis, T.] Univ Wroclaw, Fac Chem, Wroclaw, Poland published SYNTHESIS, CRYSTAL STRUCTURE, AND DFT STUDIES OF ETHYL 4-HYDROXY-2-(4-METHOXYPHENYL)-5-OXO-1-PHENYL-2,5-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLE-3-CARBOXYLATE in 2021.0, Cited 55.0. Product Details of 123-11-5. The Name is 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 123-11-5.

An efficient method for the synthesis of a new highly substituted pyrrolidinone derivative is developed via a three-component one-pot reaction of aniline, diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, and 4-anisaldehyde. The structure of ethyl 4-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-oxo-1-phenyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate is confirmed by FTIR, H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy. Unambiguous evidence for the structure of the synthesized product is obtained from the single crystal X-ray analysis. The comparison of both its molecular structure and intermolecular interactions with the previously known analogous compounds reveals that the mutual syn- or antiperiplanar orientation of ester C=O and pyrrolinone-bound OH is related to the type of molecular dimers formed in the solid state. The geometrical structure, the HOMO-LUMO analysis (electrophilicity index), H-1 and C-13 chemical shifts of the desired product are also calculated by DFT at the B3LYP level with the 6-31++G(d,p) basis set. The calculated chemical shifts are in compliance with the experimental data.

Product Details of 123-11-5. About 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde, If you have any questions, you can contact Ahankar, H; Ramazani, A; Saeidian, H; Slepokura, K; Lis, T or concate me.

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Authors Shahari, MSB; Junaid, A; Tiekink, ERT; Dolzhenko, AV in GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG published article about in [Shahari, Muhammad Syafiq Bin; Dolzhenko, Anton, V] Monash Univ Malaysia, Sch Pharm, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul, Malaysia; [Junaid, Ahmad] Purdue Univ, Dept Med Chem & Mol Pharmacol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA; [Tiekink, Edward R. T.] Sunway Univ, Res Ctr Crystalline Mat, Sch Med & Life Sci, 5 Jalan Univ, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul, Malaysia; [Dolzhenko, Anton, V] Curtin Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Pharm & Biomed Sci, Curtin Hlth Innovat Res Inst, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia in 2021.0, Cited 47.0. Formula: C9H10O3. The Name is 3,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 120-14-9

A new method for the fast synthesis of diverse 4-aryl-6-cycloamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-amines was developed. The synthesis is performed under microwave irradiation in a one-pot manner from cyanoguanidine, aromatic aldehydes, and cyclic amines. Their three-component reaction in the presence of hydrochloric acid produced dihydrotriazines, which were then converted (without isolation) into the targeted compounds via aromatic dehydrogenation in the presence of alkali. The reaction tolerated various aromatic aldehydes (including heterocyclic) and cyclic amities. Crystal structures of two representative 4-aryl-6-morpholino-1,3,5-triazin-2-amines were established by X-ray crystallography. The results of preliminary biological screening identified potent antileukemic activity for 6-[3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]-4- phenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine.

Formula: C9H10O3. About 3,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde, If you have any questions, you can contact Shahari, MSB; Junaid, A; Tiekink, ERT; Dolzhenko, AV or concate me.

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles