Day: January 29, 2022

In 2020.0 J COORD CHEM published article about ARYLBORONIC ACIDS; OXIDATIVE HYDROXYLATION; CATALYZED HYDROXYLATION; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; BORONATE ESTERS; MILD; GREEN; METAL; CONVERSION; PRODUCTS in [Chutia, Rituparna; Chetia, Bolin] Dibrugarh Univ, Dept Chem, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India in 2020.0, Cited 47.0. The Name is m-Methoxyphenol. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 150-19-6. Safety of m-Methoxyphenol

An efficient base and H(2)O(2)free protocol was used for the synthesis of phenols from boronic acids using biogenic CuFe(2)O(4)magnetic nanoparticles as catalyst at room temperature in water and oxygen. The catalyst was prepared using the flowers ofLantana camara. The size of the nanoparticles was 4.27 nm. Base free and ligand free protocol, less time, excellent yields, room temperature, biogenic synthesis of the catalyst, use of O(2)as an environmentally friendly oxidant are the advantages of the present protocol. The recyclability of the catalyst was for 5 cycles without loss of magnetic property or catalytic activity.

Safety of m-Methoxyphenol. About m-Methoxyphenol, If you have any questions, you can contact Chutia, R; Chetia, B or concate me.

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

An article Rigidification Dramatically Improves Inhibitor Selectivity for RAF Kinases WOS:000475543200012 published article about MULTIKINASE INHIBITOR; DISCOVERY; RESISTANCE; SORAFENIB; MUTATIONS; PATHWAY in [Assadieskandar, Amir; Yu, Caiqun; Zhang, Chao] Univ Southern Calif, Loker Hydrocarbon Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA; [Assadieskandar, Amir; Yu, Caiqun; Zhang, Chao] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA; [Zhang, Chao] Univ Southern Calif, USG Norris Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA; [Maisonneuve, Pierre; Sicheri, Frank] Sinai Hlth Syst, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Res Inst, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; [Sicheri, Frank] Univ Toronto, Dept Mol Genet, Toronto, ON, Canada; [Sicheri, Frank] Univ Toronto, Dept Biochem, Toronto, ON, Canada; [Kunnov, Igor] Cornell Univ, NE CAT, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA in 2019, Cited 24. The Name is 3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenol. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 98-17-9. Recommanded Product: 98-17-9

One effective means to achieve inhibitor specificity for RAF kinases, an important family of cancer drug targets, has been to target the monomeric inactive state conformation of the kinase domain, which, unlike most other kinases, can accommodate sulfonamide-containing drugs such as vemurafenib and dabrafenib because of the presence of a unique pocket specific to inactive RAF kinases. We previously reported an alternate strategy whereby rigidification of a nonselective pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-based inhibitor through ring closure afforded moderate but appreciable increases in selectivity for RAF kinases. Here, we show that a further application of the rigidification strategy to a different pyrazolopyrimidine-based scaffold dramatically improved selectivity for RAF kinases. Crystal structure analysis confirmed our inhibitor design hypothesis revealing that 21 engages an active-like state conformation of BRAF normally associated with poorly discriminating inhibitors. When screened against a panel of distinct cancer cell lines, the optimized inhibitor 21 primarily inhibited the proliferation of the expected BRAF(V600E)-harboring cell lines consistent with its kinome selectivity profile. These results suggest that rigidification could be a general and powerful strategy for enhancing inhibitor selectivity against protein kinases, which may open up therapeutic opportunities not afforded by other approaches.

Recommanded Product: 98-17-9. About 3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenol, If you have any questions, you can contact Assadieskandar, A; Yu, CQ; Maisonneuve, P; Kunnov, I; Sicheri, F; Zhang, C or concate me.

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Application In Synthesis of Benzyl Alcohol. Recently I am researching about RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION; OMEGA-PENTADECALACTONE; COMPLEXES; ALKOXIDE; ESTERS; ALCOHOLS; ACRYLATE; BHT, Saw an article supported by the JSPS KAKENHIMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) [JP20H02735, JP15H05755, JP15H05810, JP15H05805]; Shorai Foundation for Science and Technology; Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences. Published in AMER CHEMICAL SOC in WASHINGTON ,Authors: Ng, JQ; Arima, H; Mochizuki, T; Toh, K; Matsui, K; Ratanasak, M; Hasegawa, JY; Hatano, M; Ishihara, K. The CAS is 100-51-6. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of Benzyl Alcohol

A highly chemoselective transesterification of methyl (meth)acrylates catalyzed by sterically demanding 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol-derived NaOAr or Mg(OAr)(2) was developed. The desired transesterification proceeded without the undesired Michael additions under mild reaction conditions at 25 degrees C, and various primary and secondary alcohols, diols, triol, and tetraol on a scale of up to 10 mmol could provide the corresponding functionalized acrylates in high yields. Transition states were proposed based on monomeric and dimeric active species, and computational density functional theory calculations strongly supported high chemoselectivity to minimize undesired Michael additions.

Bye, fridends, I hope you can learn more about C7H8O, If you have any questions, you can browse other blog as well. See you lster.. Application In Synthesis of Benzyl Alcohol

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Computed Properties of C7H5F3O. Zhang, LQ; Wang, YB; Shi, Y; Wu, YM; Lan, JB; Ma, WX; You, JS in [Zhang, Luoqiang; Wang, Yanbing; Shi, Yang; Wu, Yimin; Lan, Jingbo; Ma, Weixin; You, Jingsong] Sichuan Univ, Coll Chem, Minist Educ, Key Lab Green Chem & Technol, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, Peoples R China published Highly Regio- and Chemoselective Oxidative C-H/C-H Cross-Couplings of Anilines and Phenols Enabled by a Co-Oxidant-Free Rh(I)/Zn(NTf2)(2)/Air Catalytic System in 2019, Cited 51. The Name is 3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenol. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 98-17-9.

An urgent yet challenging task is to overcome the limitations in substrate scope and regio- and chemoselectivity in the oxidative couplings between two arenes for the construction of unsymmetrical 2,2′-difunctional biaryls with diverse application requirements. In this work, a co-oxidant-free Rh(I)/Zn(NTf2)(2)/air catalytic system has been developed for dual chelation-assisted oxidative C-H/C-H cross-couplings between two anilines, between two phenols, and between phenols and anilines, which enables rapid assembly of rich libraries of 2,2′-bianilines, 2,2′-biphenols, and 2′-aminobiphenyl-2-ols. This protocol features air as the sole oxidant, complete regioselectivity, high chemoselectivity, low molar ratio of substrates (even 1:1), convenient operation, and scale-up synthesis. The established catalytic system is tolerant of the substrates having both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents at different positions of the aryl ring. This work further discloses that the chemoselectivity of cross-coupling over homocoupling mainly relies on a suitable combination of two directing groups (i.e., a pair of strongly and weakly coordinating directing groups) rather than the electronically distinct properties between two substrates, which provides an inspiration for designing the matching directing group pair for the dual chelation-assisted oxidative Ar-H/Ar-H cross-couplings. Thus, this strategy allows the highly chemoselective cross-coupling between electronically similar coupling partners, which represents a challenging task in the oxidative Ar-H/Ar-H cross-coupling reactions.

Computed Properties of C7H5F3O. Welcome to talk about 98-17-9, If you have any questions, you can contact Zhang, LQ; Wang, YB; Shi, Y; Wu, YM; Lan, JB; Ma, WX; You, JS or send Email.

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

I found the field of Chemistry very interesting. Saw the article Free solvent oxidation of molecular benzyl alcohol by newly synthesized AuPd/titania catalysts published in 2019.0. HPLC of Formula: C7H8O, Reprint Addresses Saiman, MI (corresponding author), Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Sci, Catalysis Sci & Technol Res Ctr PutraCat, Upm Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.; Saleh, TA (corresponding author), King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Chem Dept, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.. The CAS is 100-51-6. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of Benzyl Alcohol

Oxidation of benzyl alcohol is one of the industrial reactions utilized to produce chlorine-free benzaldehyde. Interestingly, supported gold nanoparticle catalysts are efficient towards the oxidation reaction of alcohol without involving any solvents, hence following the terms of green technology. In this study, nanoparticles of bimetallic gold palladium supported on TiO2 were synthesized using the sol-immobilization method. The catalysts were structurally characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transition Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) instruments to get insight into the synergistic effect between both Au and Pd. The catalytic activities of the prepared catalysts were evaluated towards the oxidation of benzyl alcohol over tertbutyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). The results obtained from the catalytic evaluation of the prepared catalysts indicated that 0.5 wt% Au-0.5 wt% Pd/TiO2 is the best catalyst among other ratios with a 3.1 +/- 0.8 nm particle size and the TEM results reveal the consistency value of a particle for each Au Pd ratio. The prepared catalyst consists of 0.50 wt% Au and 0.50 wt% Pd/TiO2 which exhibited remarkably enhanced catalytic activity (>19%) and selectivity of benzaldehyde (80%) when compared to another metal loading of the Au Pd catalyst. The reusability of the prepared catalyst was evaluated more than five times, and the results indicated minimal loss in activity where a low concentration of gold was leached (0.05 mg/L) under optimal reaction conditions.

About Benzyl Alcohol, If you have any questions, you can contact JamJam, NM; Yap, YHT; Muhamad, EN; Saiman, MI; Saleh, TA or concate me.. HPLC of Formula: C7H8O

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

An article Polysulfide Anions as Visible Light Photoredox Catalysts for Aryl Cross-Couplings WOS:000611083700057 published article about TRISULFUR RADICAL-ANION; REDUCTION; SULFUR; TRANSITION; ACTIVATION; THIOLS; BOND; PHOTOCATALYSIS; SULFOXIDES; HALIDES in [Li, Haoyu; Pang, Jia Hao; Wu, Xiangyang; Yeow, Edwin K. L.; Chiba, Shunsuke] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Phys & Math Sci, Div Chem & Biol Chem, Singapore 637371, Singapore; [Tang, Xinxin; Wu, Jie] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Chem, Singapore 117543, Singapore in 2021.0, Cited 58.0. Computed Properties of C7H8O2. The Name is Mequinol. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 150-76-5

Polysulfide anions are endowed with unique redox properties, attracting considerable attentions for their applications in alkali metals-sulfur batteries. However, the employment of these anionic species in redox catalysis for small molecule synthesis remains underdeveloped due to their moderate-poor electrochemical potential in the ground state, whereas some of them are characterized by photoabsorptions in visible spectral regions. Herein, we disclose the use of polysulfide anions as visible light photoredox catalysts for aryl cross-coupling reactions. The reaction design enables single-electron reduction of aryl halides upon the photoexcitation of tetrasulfide dianions (S-4(2-)). The resulting aryl radicals are engaged in (hetero)-biaryl cross-coupling, borylation, and hydrogenation in a redox catalytic regime involving S-4(center dot-) and S-4(2-)/S-3(center dot-)/S-3(2-) redox couples.

Computed Properties of C7H8O2. Bye, fridends, I hope you can learn more about C7H8O2, If you have any questions, you can browse other blog as well. See you lster.

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

In 2020.0 BIOORG CHEM published article about IN-VITRO ANTIOXIDANT; 1,3-DIPOLAR CYCLOADDITION; STEREOSELECTIVE-SYNTHESIS; BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION; CHIRAL NITRONES; RESOLUTION; ANALOGS in [Ghabi, Ameni; Brahmi, Jihed; Aouadi, Kaiss] Univ Monastir, Fac Sci Monastir, Lab Heterocycl Chem Nat Prod & React, Ave Environm, Monastir 5019, Tunisia; [Alminderej, Fahad; Messaoudi, Sabri; Aouadi, Kaiss] Qassim Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Chem, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; [Messaoudi, Sabri] Carthage Univ, Fac Sci Bizerte, Jarzouna 7021, Tunisia; [Vidal, Sebastien] Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, Inst Chim & Biochim Mol & Supramol, UMR CNRS 5246,Lab Chim Organ Glycochim 2, Batiment Lederer,1 Rue Victor Grignard, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; [Kadri, Adel] Sfax Univ, Fac Sci Sfax, Dept Chem, BP 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; [Kadri, Adel] Albaha Univ, Coll Sci & Arts Baljurashi, POB 1988, Albaha, Saudi Arabia in 2020.0, Cited 31.0. The Name is 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 100-83-4. Quality Control of 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde

A series of novel isoxazolidines based on benzaldehyde derivatives have been synthesized from the cycloaddition of chiral menthone-based nitrone and allyl phenyl ethers. All synthetic compounds were assessed for their in vitro PPA, HPA and HLAG inhibitory activity. The results revealed that all targets exhibited better inhibitory effect against PPA (12.3 +/- 0.4 < IC50 < 38.2 +/- 0.9 mu M), HPA (10.1 +/- 0.4 < IC50 < 26.8 +/- 0.2 mu M) and HLAG (65.4 +/- 1.2 < IC50 < 274.8 +/- 1.1 mu M) when compared with the reference inhibitor, acarbose (IC50 = 284.6 +/- 0.3 mu M for PPA, 296.6 +/- 0.8 mu M for HPA, 780.4 +/- 0.3 mu M for HLAG) with the highest PPA inhibitory activity was ascribed to compound 3g against both PPA and HPA, and 3b against HLAG enzymes, respectively. Structural activity relationships (SARs) were also established for all synthesized compounds and the interaction modes of the most potent inhibitors (3g for PPA and HPA, 3b for HLAG) and the active site with residues of three enzymes were confirmed through molecular docking studies. Furthermore, a combination of molecular docking analysis with the in vitro activities can help to improve prediction success and encourages the uses of some of these molecules as potential alternatives toward the modulation of T2D. Quality Control of 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde. Welcome to talk about 100-83-4, If you have any questions, you can contact Ghabi, A; Brahmi, J; Alminderej, F; Messaoudi, S; Vidal, S; Kadri, A; Aouadi, K or send Email.

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

SDS of cas: 86-95-3. Recently I am researching about 2,4-DIHYDROXYQUINOLINE; DERIVATIVES; QUINOLINE; ANALOGS, Saw an article supported by the JSPS KAKENHIMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) [18K05827]; President’s Fund Initiative at Toyama Prefectural University FY2019. Published in BEILSTEIN-INSTITUT in FRANKFURT AM MAIN ,Authors: Li, DD; Oku, N; Shinozaki, Y; Kurokawa, Y; Igarashi, Y. The CAS is 86-95-3. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 4-Hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one

4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone (1), a molecule known for a long time and recently discovered from a Brassicaceae plant Isatis tinctoria without providing sufficient evidence to support the structure, was isolated from a fermentation extract of Burkholderia sp. 3Y-MMP isolated from a soil by a Zn2+ enrichment culture. Detailed spectroscopic analyses by MS and NMR, combined with C-13 chemical shift comparison with literature values of the related compounds and a synthetic preparation of 1, allowed its first full NMR characterization and identification of 2-quinolone but not 2-quinolinol (2) as the preferred tautomer for this heterocyclic system. While the metal-chelating activity was negligible, compound 1 at 10 mu M, a concentration lower than that in liquid production cultures, quenched hydroxy radical-induced chemiluminescence emitted by luminol by 86%. Because some Burkholderia species are pathogenic to plants and animals, the above result suggests that 1 is a potential antioxidant to counteract reactive oxygen species-based immune response in the host organisms.

Welcome to talk about 86-95-3, If you have any questions, you can contact Li, DD; Oku, N; Shinozaki, Y; Kurokawa, Y; Igarashi, Y or send Email.. SDS of cas: 86-95-3

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

In 2020.0 CHEM SCI published article about ALDEHYDES; ARRAYS in [Liu, Mingxin; Tan, Lida; Cen, Yunen; Li, Chao-Jun] McGill Univ, Dept Chem, 801 Sherbrooke Ouest, Montreal, PQ H3A 0B8, Canada; [Liu, Mingxin; Tan, Lida; Cen, Yunen; Li, Chao-Jun] McGill Univ, FRQNT Ctr Green Chem & Catalysis, 801 Sherbrooke Ouest, Montreal, PQ H3A 0B8, Canada; [Liu, Mingxin; Mi, Zetian] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 1301 Beal Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA; [Rashid, Roksana T.; Mi, Zetian] McGill Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 3480 Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 0E9, Canada; [Cheng, Shaobo; Botton, Gianluigi] McMaster Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Canadian Ctr Electron Microscopy, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada in 2020.0, Cited 30.0. The Name is Benzyl Alcohol. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 100-51-6. SDS of cas: 100-51-6

Employing photo-energy to drive the desired chemical transformation has been a long pursued subject. The development of homogeneous photoredox catalysts in radical coupling reactions has been truly phenomenal, however, with apparent disadvantages such as the difficulty in separating the catalyst and the frequent requirement of scarce noble metals. We therefore envisioned the use of a hyper-stable III-V photosensitizing semiconductor with a tunable Fermi level and energy band as a readily isolable and recyclable heterogeneous photoredox catalyst for radical coupling reactions. Using the carbonyl coupling reaction as a proof-of-concept, herein, we report a photo-pinacol coupling reaction catalyzed by GaN nanowires under ambient light at room temperature with methanol as a solvent and sacrificial reagent. By simply tuning the dopant, the GaN nanowire shows significantly enhanced electronic properties. The catalyst showed excellent stability, reusability and functional tolerance. All reactions could be accomplished with a single piece of nanowire on Si-wafer.

Welcome to talk about 100-51-6, If you have any questions, you can contact Liu, MX; Tan, LD; Rashid, RT; Cen, YN; Cheng, SB; Botton, G; Mi, ZT; Li, CJ or send Email.. SDS of cas: 100-51-6

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Safety of 4′-Hydroxyacetophenone. Authors Telu, JR; Kuntala, N; Kankanala, K; Banothu, V; Pal, S; Anireddy, JS in WILEY published article about in [Telu, Jhonsee Rani; Kuntala, Naveen; Anireddy, Jaya Shree] Jawaharlal Nehru Technol Univ Hyderabad, Ctr Chem Sci & Technol, Inst Sci & Technol, Hyderabad 500085, India; [Kankanala, Kavitha; Pal, Sarbani] MNR Degree & PG Coll, Dept Chem, Hyderabad, India; [Banothu, Venkanna] JNTUH, IST, Ctr Biotechnol, Hyderabad, India in 2021.0, Cited 32.0. The Name is 4′-Hydroxyacetophenone. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 99-93-4

We describe the synthesis, characterization, and in vitro antibacterial evaluation of a library of novel compounds based on 1,2,3-triazolo phosphonate framework along with the evaluation of DNA gyrase inhibitory potential of a promising molecule in silico. Preparation of these compounds was carried out via a multistep sequence comprising of the Abramov reaction followed by the Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) as the key steps. Various alpha-hydroxyphosphonate derivatives containing either a secondary or tertiary alcohol at the alpha position were prepared. When screened for their antibacterial activities in vitro using a Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and three Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) strains, majority of these derivatives exhibited reasonable to good effects with the analogue 5k being active against all the strains. The SAR analysis indicated that the activity was influenced by the position of the alpha-hydroxyphosphonate moiety as well as the substituent present on the benzene ring attached to the 1,2,3-triazole ring. Moreover, the compound 5k showed strong interactions with the DNA active site when docked into the DNA gyrase in silico. Thus, the 1,2,3-triazolo phosphonate derivative 5k appeared to be a novel and promising hit molecule that deserves further study as a potential antibacterial agent.

Safety of 4′-Hydroxyacetophenone. About 4′-Hydroxyacetophenone, If you have any questions, you can contact Telu, JR; Kuntala, N; Kankanala, K; Banothu, V; Pal, S; Anireddy, JS or concate me.

Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles