Month: January 2023

The response of stomata to ring-substituted indolylacetic acids was written by Thomson, A.;Cox, R. C.;Mansfield, T. A.. And the article was included in New Phytologist in 1988.Name: 2-(5-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)acetic acid This article mentions the following:

Indol-3-ylacetic acids with substituents in the aromatic ring (Cl, Cl₂, Me) have been synthesized and their effect on stomata on isolated Commelina communis epidermis tested. Unlike IAA which induces stomatal opening, all the substituted acids caused closure. The perception mechanism in the guard cells may therefore involve receptors with high specificity for IAA. The ability of guard cells to discriminate IAA from closely related mols. may be higher than in other cellular systems. There was no synergism between the IAA derivatives and ABA. Also, the percentage stomatal closure induced by CO₂ was more or less constant regardless of the concentration of substituted IAAs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(5-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)acetic acid (cas: 1912-45-4Name: 2-(5-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)acetic acid).

2-(5-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)acetic acid (cas: 1912-45-4) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole, first isolated in 1866, and it is commonly synthesized from phenylhydrazine and pyruvic acid, although several other procedures have been discovered. Moreover, it is known that it controls biofilm formation. However, the role of indole in the cell has not been fully elucidated.Name: 2-(5-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)acetic acid

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Microwave-induced one pot synthesis of fluorinated spiro [indole-pyrimidines] was written by Sachdeva, Harshita. And the article was included in Indian Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 2009.Quality Control of 7-Nitroindoline-2,3-dione This article mentions the following:

A series of fluorinated spiro[indole-pyrimidines] were synthesized in 75-85% yields by rapid and highly efficient one-pot microwave-induced technique involving condensation of 3-aroylmethylene-2H-indol-ones with fluorinated phenylthioureas using ethanol as energy transfer medium. Aroylmethylene-indolones was synthesized in situ by the reaction of substituted indole-2,3-diones and fluorinated acetophenones. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Nitroindoline-2,3-dione (cas: 112656-95-8Quality Control of 7-Nitroindoline-2,3-dione).

7-Nitroindoline-2,3-dione (cas: 112656-95-8) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole, also called Benzopyrrole, a heterocyclic organic compound occurring in some flower oils, such as jasmine and orange blossom, in coal tar, and in fecal matter. In addition to indole, the strain-release chemistry worked for numerous substrates including amines, alcohols, thiols, carboxylic acids, imidazoles, and pyrazoles.Quality Control of 7-Nitroindoline-2,3-dione

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Synthesis and evaluation of in vivo antioxidant, in vitro antibacterial, MRSA and antifungal activity of novel substituted isatin N-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazones was written by Nguyen, Dinh Thanh;Nguyen, Thi Kim Giang;Quyen, Tran Ha;Huong, Doan Thi;Toan, Vu Ngoc. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2016.Category: indole-building-block This article mentions the following:

Some new isatin N-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazones, e.g. I, with different substituents at 1-, 5- and 7-positions of isatin ring have been synthesized by reaction of N-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazide 2 with corresponding isatins. Title compounds were evaluated in vivo for antioxidant activity and in vitro for anti-microorganism activities. The MIC values were found for Gram pos. bacteria (MIC = 1.56-6.25 μM), for Gram neg. bacteria (MIC = 12.5 μM), and for fungi Aspergillus niger (MIC = 3.12-12.5 μM), Fusarium oxysporum (MIC = 6.25-12.5 μM) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (MIC = 6.25-12.5 μM). Regarding the antioxidant activity, the SOD, GHS-Px and catalase activities of were MIC = 10.57-10.85, 0.27-0.93 and 345.45-399.75 unit/mg protein, resp. CompoundI showed the selective cytotoxic effects against some cancer (LU-1, HepG2, MCF7, P338, SW480, KB) cell lines and normal fibroblast cell line NIH/3T3. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropylindoline-2,3-dione (cas: 150560-58-0Category: indole-building-block).

5-Isopropylindoline-2,3-dione (cas: 150560-58-0) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole, also called Benzopyrrole, a heterocyclic organic compound occurring in some flower oils, such as jasmine and orange blossom, in coal tar, and in fecal matter. Due to this activity, the indole ring system has become an important component or intermediate in the synthesis of heterocycles.Category: indole-building-block

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Comparison of conventional and microwave-assisted synthesis of some new sulfenamides under free catalyst and ligand was written by Yakan, Hasan;Kutuk, Halil. And the article was included in Monatshefte fuer Chemie in 2018.Computed Properties of C14H9NO2S This article mentions the following:

Sulfenamides were prepared in 70-98% yields by treatment of N-arylthio- and N-alkylthiophthalimides with cyclohexylamine, morpholine, or pyrrolidine in β-ethoxyethanol under microwave irradiation; the yields of sulfenamides using microwave irradiation and using conventional heating were compared. Tert-butylamine, aniline, benzylamine, 1-hexylamine, ethanolamine, diethylamine, N-methyl-1-butanamine, N-ethylaniline, and N-methylbenzylamine did not yield the desired sulfenamides on reaction with N-arylthio or N-alkylthiophthalimides, but yielded only disulfides. The reaction was not inhibited by radical inhibitors. The N-arylthio and N-alkylthiophthalimides were prepared from the corresponding thiols and phthalimide with Br₂ in pyridine/acetonitrile. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Phenylthio)isoindoline-1,3-dione (cas: 14204-27-4Computed Properties of C14H9NO2S).

2-(Phenylthio)isoindoline-1,3-dione (cas: 14204-27-4) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole is an important structural motif of various drugs, therapeutic leads besides its prevalence in numerous natural products, agrochemicals, perfumery, and dyes. They are capable of binding to a variety of receptors with high affinity and thus have applications in a wide range of therapeutic areas.Computed Properties of C14H9NO2S

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

A Monophosphine Ligand Derived from Anthracene Photodimer: Synthetic Applications for Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions was written by Wang, Xin;Liu, Wei-Gang;Tung, Chen-Ho;Wu, Li-Zhu;Cong, Huan. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2019.Application of 754214-56-7 This article mentions the following:

Herein, we present an air-stable dianthracenyl monophosphine ligand (diAnthPhos) which can be prepared in two steps from com. available anthracene derivatives The ligand exhibits excellent efficiency for palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions. In particular, Miyaura borylation of heterocycle-containing electrophiles can be facilitated employing the diAnthPhos ligand with a broad substrate scope and low catalyst loading. The valuable synthetic utility of the new ligand is further demonstrated by a one-pot Miyaura borylation/Suzuki coupling protocol for heteroaryl-containing substrates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Azaindole-5-boronic Acid Pinacol Ester (cas: 754214-56-7Application of 754214-56-7).

7-Azaindole-5-boronic Acid Pinacol Ester (cas: 754214-56-7) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole could be stereoselectively alkylated with chiral cyclopentyl sulfone reagent. It is used in perfumery and in making tryptophan, an essential amino acid, and indoleacetic acid (heteroauxin), a hormone that promotes the development of roots in plant cuttings.Application of 754214-56-7

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Synthesis of Cyclobutane-Fused Tetracyclic Scaffolds via Visible-Light Photocatalysis for Building Molecular Complexity was written by Oderinde, Martins S.;Mao, Edna;Ramirez, Antonio;Pawluczyk, Joseph;Jorge, Christine;Cornelius, Lyndon A. M.;Kempson, James;Vetrichelvan, Muthalagu;Pitchai, Manivel;Gupta, Anuradha;Gupta, Arun Kumar;Meanwell, Nicholas A.;Mathur, Arvind;Dhar, T. G. Murali. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2020.Category: indole-building-block This article mentions the following:

We describe the synthesis through visible-light photocatalysis of novel functionalized tetracyclic scaffolds that incorporate a fused azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-2-one motif, which are structurally interesting cores with potential in natural product synthesis and drug discovery. The synthetic approach involves an intramol. [2 + 2] cycloaddition with concomitant dearomatization of the heterocycle via an energy transfer process promoted by an iridium-based photosensitizer, to build a complex mol. architecture with at least three stereogenic centers from relatively simple, achiral precursors. These fused azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-2-one-based tetracycles were obtained in high yield (generally >99%) and with excellent diastereoselectivity (>99:1). The late-stage derivatization of a bromine-substituted, tetracyclic indoline derivative with alkyl groups, employing a mild Negishi C-C bond forming protocol as a means of increasing structural diversity, provides addnl. modularity that will enable the delivery of valuable building blocks for medicinal chem. D. functional theory calculations were used to compute the T₁-S₀ free energy gap of the olefin-tethered precursors and also to predict their reactivities based on triplet state energy transfer and transition state energy feasibility. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 5-bromo-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (cas: 210345-56-5Category: indole-building-block).

Methyl 5-bromo-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (cas: 210345-56-5) belongs to indole derivatives. The indole subunit is an almost ubiquitous component of biologically active natural products, and its study has been the focus of research for decades. Due to this activity, the indole ring system has become an important component or intermediate in the synthesis of heterocycles.Category: indole-building-block

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Synthesis of dihydrocarbazoles via (4+2) annulation of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes to indoles was written by Liu, Changhui;Zhou, Li;Huang, Wenbo;Wang, Man;Gu, Yanlong. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2016.Reference of 4769-96-4 This article mentions the following:

Dihydrocarbazoles were synthesized through a novel [4+2] annulation of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes (DACs) to indoles. This reaction was performed in ethanol by using para-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst. Mechanism of this reaction might involve the following three steps: (i) an electrophilic ring-opening reaction of the DACs with indoles, in which C3 position of indole acts as a nucleophilic site, (ii) an intramol. dehydration induced ring-closing reaction occurs that offers a spiro intermediate, and (iii) a following 1,2-migration which leading to a dihydrocarbazole scaffold. Otherwise, dihydroisoindole can also be constructed by replacing the indole component with pyrrole as nucleophile. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Nitro-1H-indole (cas: 4769-96-4Reference of 4769-96-4).

6-Nitro-1H-indole (cas: 4769-96-4) belongs to indole derivatives. In addition to tryptophan, indigo, and indoleacetic acid, numerous compounds obtainable from plant or animal sources contain the indole molecular structure. More than 200 indole derivatives have already been marketed as drugs or are under advanced stages of clinical trials.Reference of 4769-96-4

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Nickel supported on magnetic biochar as a highly efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of spirooxindole-dihydropyridines was written by Dong, Li-Na;Wang, Ya-Meng;Zhang, Wan-Lu;Mo, Li-Ping;Zhang, Zhan-Hui. And the article was included in Applied Organometallic Chemistry in 2022.Computed Properties of C8H3F2NO2 This article mentions the following:

Magnetic materials show promising applications in heterogeneous catalysis because of their ease of separation and good reusability. The present work reports the design, synthesis, and characterization of a novel magnetic biochar supported nickel catalyst. Fourier IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction technol. (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques were used for analyzing the prepared catalyst. The prepared catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity for synthesis of spirooxindole-dihydropyridine derivatives by a one-pot three-component reaction of isatin, barbituric acid, and 6-amino uracil or 1H-pyrazol-5-amine. This new methodol. demonstrated some important features, including high yields, lower loading of the catalyst, easy work-up, and recyclability of the catalyst for a min. of six times without an obvious decay of catalytic performance. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,6-Difluoroindoline-2,3-dione (cas: 774-47-0Computed Properties of C8H3F2NO2).

5,6-Difluoroindoline-2,3-dione (cas: 774-47-0) belongs to indole derivatives. In addition to tryptophan, indigo, and indoleacetic acid, numerous compounds obtainable from plant or animal sources contain the indole molecular structure. Due to this activity, the indole ring system has become an important component or intermediate in the synthesis of heterocycles.Computed Properties of C8H3F2NO2

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Crucial role of selenium in the virucidal activity of benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones and related diselenides was written by Pietka-Ottlik, Magdalena;Potaczek, Piotr;Piasecki, Egbert;Mlochowski, Jacek. And the article was included in Molecules in 2010.Formula: C14H11NO This article mentions the following:

Several substituted 1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one derivatives and their non-selenium-containing analogs were designed. The synthesis of the target compounds was achieved using as reactants 2-(chloroseleno)benzoyl chloride and 2-(chlorothio)benzoyl chloride or 2-(chloromethyl)benzoyl chloride and the products thus obtained were evaluated against several viruses (HHV-1, human herpes, EMCV Encephalomyocarditis virus and VSV, Vesicular stomatitis virus) to determine the extent to which selenium plays a role in antiviral activity. The data presented here show that the presence of selenium is crucial for the antiviral properties of benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones since their isostructural analogs having different groups but lacking selenium either did not show any antiviral activity or their activity was substantially lower. The open-chain analogs of benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones (diselenides) also exhibited high antiviral activity while selenides and disulfides were completely inactive towards model viruses. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Phenylisoindolin-1-one (cas: 5388-42-1Formula: C14H11NO).

2-Phenylisoindolin-1-one (cas: 5388-42-1) belongs to indole derivatives. In addition to tryptophan, indigo, and indoleacetic acid, numerous compounds obtainable from plant or animal sources contain the indole molecular structure. In addition to indole, the strain-release chemistry worked for numerous substrates including amines, alcohols, thiols, carboxylic acids, imidazoles, and pyrazoles.Formula: C14H11NO

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles