Day: February 22, 2023

Design and synthesis of a dual linker for solid phase synthesis of oleanolic acid derivatives was written by Wang, Shaorong;Fang, Weishuo. And the article was included in Molecules in 2011.Recommanded Product: 2-(2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione This article mentions the following:

A hydrophilic amino-terminated poly(ethylene glycol)-type dual linker for solid phase synthesis of oleanolic acid derivatives I [R = H, CH₂O(CH₂)₂O(CH₂)₂NH₂] using trityl chloride resin was designed and synthesized for the first time. Model reactions in both liquid and solid phase were performed to show the feasibility of its selective cleavage at two different sites. The biol. assay results indicated that the long and flexible alkyl ether functionality in the linker is less likely to be critical for the binding event. Following the successful solid phase synthesis of model compounds, the potential of this dual linker in reaction monitoring and target identification was deemed worthy of further study. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (cas: 69676-63-7Recommanded Product: 2-(2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione).

2-(2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (cas: 69676-63-7) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole could be stereoselectively alkylated with chiral cyclopentyl sulfone reagent. In addition to indole, the strain-release chemistry worked for numerous substrates including amines, alcohols, thiols, carboxylic acids, imidazoles, and pyrazoles.Recommanded Product: 2-(2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from聽Bacillus thuringiensis聽and聽Bacillus velezensis聽and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Manipulation of Water for Diversified Functionalization of Tetrahydro-尾-carbolines (TH尾Cs) with Indoles was written by Xu, Dekang;Ye, Fu;Ye, Jinxiang;Gao, Yu;Chen, Haijun. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2019.Electric Literature of C9H8BrN This article mentions the following:

Water plays a crucial role in organic synthesis. However, diversified functionalization manipulated by water is still rare and remains unexplored. Herein, we report the first water-manipulated protocol to achieve the diversified functionalization of tetrahydro-尾-carbolines (TH尾Cs) in an open flask at room temperature that exhibit a broad functional-group tolerance. More water leads to monoarylation, while less water leads to diarylation. Further one-step transformation afforded oxidized bis(indolyl)methanes, eudistomin U, and the related derivatives in satisfactory yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-indole (cas: 590417-55-3Electric Literature of C9H8BrN).

4-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-indole (cas: 590417-55-3) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole is an important structural motif of various drugs, therapeutic leads besides its prevalence in numerous natural products, agrochemicals, perfumery, and dyes. It is used in perfumery and in making tryptophan, an essential amino acid, and indoleacetic acid (heteroauxin), a hormone that promotes the development of roots in plant cuttings.Electric Literature of C9H8BrN

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from聽Bacillus thuringiensis聽and聽Bacillus velezensis聽and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Combined Experimental and Computational Mechanistic Investigation of the Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling of Sodium Benzoates with Chloroarenes was written by Humke, Jenna N.;Daley, Ryan A.;Morrenzin, Aaron S.;Neufeldt, Sharon R.;Topczewski, Joseph J.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.COA of Formula: C8H6ClN This article mentions the following:

A mechanistic investigation into the palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling of sodium benzoates and chloroarenes was reported here. The reaction was found to be first-order in Pd. A minimal substituent effect was observed with respect to chloroarene, and the reaction was zero-order with respect to chloroarene. Palladium-mediated decarboxylation was assigned as the turnover-limiting step based on an Eyring plot and d. functional theory computations. Catalyst performance was found to vary based on the electrophile, which was best explained by catalyst decomposition at Pd(0). The 1,5-cyclooctadiene (COD) ligand contained in the precatalyst CODPd(CH₂TMS)₂ (Pd1) was shown to be a beneficial additive. The bench-stable Buchwald complex XPhosPdG2 could be used with exogenous COD and 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl (XPhos) instead of complex Pd1. Adding exogenous XPhos significantly increased the catalyst turnover number and enhanced reproducibility. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloro-1H-indole (cas: 17422-33-2COA of Formula: C8H6ClN).

6-Chloro-1H-indole (cas: 17422-33-2) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole produced by Proteus, Pseudomonas, Escherichia and other species was shown to be a growth promoting factor in Arabidopsis thaliana. They are capable of binding to a variety of receptors with high affinity and thus have applications in a wide range of therapeutic areas.COA of Formula: C8H6ClN

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from聽Bacillus thuringiensis聽and聽Bacillus velezensis聽and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

[Influence of ET-1 and ETA receptor blocker (BQ123) on the level of TNF-伪 in the brain rat]. was written by Gor膮ca, Anna;Skibska, Beata. And the article was included in Polski merkuriusz lekarski : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego in 2016.Recommanded Product: 136553-81-6 This article mentions the following:

Endothelin 1 (ET-1) in addition to the vasoconstriction, also has mitogenic, proinflammatory and proagregation activities. The mediators of inflammatory responses are cytokines, including special role attributed to tumor necrosis factor (TNF-伪). AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ET-1 and its receptor blocker (BQ123) on the level of TNF-伪 in the brain rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experiments were performed on four groups of Wistar-Kyoto rats. Animals were divided into four groups of 8 rats. Group I – control was administered into the tail vein solution of 0.9 % NaCl. Group II – saline followed by ET-1 (3 渭g/kg b.w.). Group III – saline followed by BQ123 (1 mg/kg b.w.). Group IV (BQ123/ET-1) – BQ123 (1 mg/kg b.w.) administered 30 min before ET-1 (3 渭g/kg b.w.). RESULTS: Administration of ET-1 at doses of 3 渭g/kg b.w. resulted in a statistically significant increase in TNF-伪 concentrations in brain homogenates compared to the control group (p<0.01). Administration of the ET(A) receptor blocker – BQ123 (1mg/kg b.w.) 30 min before administration of ET-1 significantly decreased in TNF-伪 concentrations in brain homogenates (p <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: ET-1 is significantly increased in TNF-伪 levels in brain homogenates, while BQ123 given 30 min before administration of ET-1 caused a significant decrease in TNF-伪 levels, suggesting that its anti-inflammatory activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-((3R,6S,9R,12R,17aS)-9-((1H-Indol-3-yl)methyl)-6-isobutyl-3-isopropyl-1,4,7,10,13-pentaoxohexadecahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4,7,10,13]pentaazacyclopentadecin-12-yl)acetic acid (cas: 136553-81-6Recommanded Product: 136553-81-6).

2-((3R,6S,9R,12R,17aS)-9-((1H-Indol-3-yl)methyl)-6-isobutyl-3-isopropyl-1,4,7,10,13-pentaoxohexadecahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4,7,10,13]pentaazacyclopentadecin-12-yl)acetic acid (cas: 136553-81-6) belongs to indole derivatives. In addition to tryptophan, indigo, and indoleacetic acid, numerous compounds obtainable from plant or animal sources contain the indole molecular structure. In addition to indole, the strain-release chemistry worked for numerous substrates including amines, alcohols, thiols, carboxylic acids, imidazoles, and pyrazoles.Recommanded Product: 136553-81-6

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from聽Bacillus thuringiensis聽and聽Bacillus velezensis聽and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-纬-carbolinium salts. Novel reactions with thiols, mediated by polymer-supported reagents was written by Lizarzaburu, Mike E.;Shuttleworth, Stephen J.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2004.Recommanded Product: 5094-12-2 This article mentions the following:

A series of dialkyl-[2-(3-alkylsulfanylmethyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-ethyl]amines was produced using a novel route involving nucleophilic ring opening of 2,2-dialkyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-纬-carbolinium salts with thiols. The insertion reaction was mediated by a strong, polymer-supported base, and the purification of the target compounds was facilitated using resin-bound sulfonic acid. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (cas: 5094-12-2Recommanded Product: 5094-12-2).

2-Methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (cas: 5094-12-2) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole is an important structural motif of various drugs, therapeutic leads besides its prevalence in numerous natural products, agrochemicals, perfumery, and dyes. They are capable of binding to a variety of receptors with high affinity and thus have applications in a wide range of therapeutic areas.Recommanded Product: 5094-12-2

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from聽Bacillus thuringiensis聽and聽Bacillus velezensis聽and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Endogenous indole-3-acetamide levels contribute to the crosstalk between auxin and abscisic acid, and trigger plant stress responses in Arabidopsis was written by Perez-Alonso, Marta-Marina;Ortiz-Garcia, Paloma;Moya-Cuevas, Jose;Lehmann, Thomas;Sanchez-Parra, Beatriz;Bjork, Robert G.;Karim, Sazzad;Amirjani, Mohammad R.;Aronsson, Henrik;Wilkinson, Mark D.;Pollmann, Stephan. And the article was included in Journal of Experimental Botany in 2021.Quality Control of Indole-3-acetamide This article mentions the following:

The evolutionary success of plants relies to a large extent on their extraordinary ability to adapt to changes in their environment. These adaptations require that plants balance their growth with their stress responses. Plant hormones are crucial mediators orchestrating the underlying adaptive processes. However, whether and how the growth-related hormone auxin and the stress-related hormones jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and abscisic acid (ABA) are coordinated remains largely elusive. Here, we analyze the physiol. role of AMIDASE 1 (AMI1) in Arabidopsis plant growth and its possible connection to plant adaptations to abiotic stresses. AMI1 contributes to cellular auxin homeostasis by catalyzing the conversion of indole-acetamide into the major plant auxin indole-3-acetic acid. Functional impairment of AMI1 increases the plant’s stress status rendering mutant plants more susceptible to abiotic stresses. Transcriptomic anal. of ami1 mutants disclosed the reprogramming of a considerable number of stress-related genes, including jasmonic acid and ABA biosynthesis genes. The ami1 mutants exhibit only moderately repressed growth but an enhanced ABA accumulation, which suggests a role for AMI1 in the crosstalk between auxin and ABA. Altogether, our results suggest that AMI1 is involved in coordinating the trade-off between plant growth and stress responses, balancing auxin and ABA homeostasis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Indole-3-acetamide (cas: 879-37-8Quality Control of Indole-3-acetamide).

Indole-3-acetamide (cas: 879-37-8) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole could be stereoselectively alkylated with chiral cyclopentyl sulfone reagent. It is used in perfumery and in making tryptophan, an essential amino acid, and indoleacetic acid (heteroauxin), a hormone that promotes the development of roots in plant cuttings.Quality Control of Indole-3-acetamide

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from聽Bacillus thuringiensis聽and聽Bacillus velezensis聽and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Vegf signaling promotes vascular endothelial differentiation by modulating etv2 expression was written by Casie Chetty, Satish;Rost, Megan S.;Enriquez, Jacob Ryan;Schumacher, Jennifer A.;Baltrunaite, Kristina;Rossi, Andrea;Stainier, Didier Y. R.;Sumanas, Saulius. And the article was included in Developmental Biology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2017.Related Products of 194413-58-6 This article mentions the following:

Vasculogenesis involves the differentiation of vascular endothelial progenitors de novo from undifferentiated mesoderm, their migration and coalescence to form the major embryonic vessels and the acquisition of arterial or venous identity. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Vegf) signaling plays multiple roles during vascular development. However, its function during embryonic vasculogenesis has been controversial. Previous studies have implicated Vegf signaling in either regulating arteriovenous specification or overall vascular endothelial differentiation. To clarify the role of Vegf in embryonic vasculogenesis and identify its downstream targets, we used chem. inhibitors of Vegf receptor (Vegfr) signaling in zebrafish embryos as well as zebrafish genetic mutants. A high level of chem. inhibition of Vegfr signaling resulted in the reduction of overall vascular endothelial marker gene expression, including downregulation of both arterial and venous markers, ultimately leading to the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells. In contrast, a low level of Vegfr inhibition specifically blocked arterial specification while the expression of venous markers appeared largely unaffected or increased. Inhibition of Vegfr signaling prior to the initiation of vasculogenesis reduced overall vascular endothelial differentiation, while inhibition of Vegfr signaling starting at mid-somitogenesis stages largely inhibited arterial specification. Conversely, Vegf overexpression resulted in the expansion of both arterial and pan-endothelial markers, while the expression of several venous-specific markers was downregulated. We further show that Vegf signaling affects overall endothelial differentiation by modulating the expression of the ETS transcription factor etv2/ etsrp. etv2 expression was downregulated in Vegfr- inhibited embryos, and expanded in Vegfaa-overexpressing embryos. Furthermore, vascular-specific overexpression of etv2 in Vegfr-inhibited embryos rescued defects in vascular endothelial differentiation. Similarly, vegfaa genetic mutants displayed a combination of the two phenotypes observed with chem. Vegfr inhibition: the expression of arterial and pan-endothelial markers including etv2 was downregulated while the expression of most venous markers was either expanded or unchanged. Based on these results we propose a revised model which explains the different phenotypes observed upon inhibition of Vegf signaling: low levels of Vegf signaling promote overall vascular endothelial differentiation and cell survival by upregulating etv2 expression, while high levels of Vegf signaling promote arterial and inhibit venous specification. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-3-((3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)indolin-2-one (cas: 194413-58-6Related Products of 194413-58-6).

(Z)-3-((3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)indolin-2-one (cas: 194413-58-6) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole, also called Benzopyrrole, a heterocyclic organic compound occurring in some flower oils, such as jasmine and orange blossom, in coal tar, and in fecal matter. More than 200 indole derivatives have already been marketed as drugs or are under advanced stages of clinical trials.Related Products of 194413-58-6

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from聽Bacillus thuringiensis聽and聽Bacillus velezensis聽and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Synthesis and study of new indoline spiropyran and its derivative with 伪-lipoic acid exhibiting low cytotoxicity was written by Ozhogin, I. V.;Zolotukhin, P. V.;Tkachev, V. V.;Pugachev, A. D.;Kozlenko, A. S.;Belanova, A. A.;Aldoshin, S. M.;Lukyanov, B. S.. And the article was included in Russian Chemical Bulletin in 2021.Formula: C12H14ClN This article mentions the following:

New indoline spiropyran was synthesized by the cyclocondensation of 5-chlorine-substituted Fischer base with 2,7-dihydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde. This spiropyran was used to prepare a new derivative of 伪-lipoic acid with potential biol. activity, which can be considered as a promising photopharmacol. agent. The structures of the synthesized compounds were determined by NMR and IR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry and were confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Biol. assays using HeLa cells showed that the spirocyclic compounds possess low cytotoxicity even at relatively high concentrations In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-methyleneindoline (cas: 6872-17-9Formula: C12H14ClN).

5-Chloro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-methyleneindoline (cas: 6872-17-9) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole is an important structural motif of various drugs, therapeutic leads besides its prevalence in numerous natural products, agrochemicals, perfumery, and dyes. Indole plays a fundamental role for QS in E. coli, being one of the signal molecules responsible for the transcription of a variety of genes (gabT, and tnaB ASTD). Formula: C12H14ClN

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from聽Bacillus thuringiensis聽and聽Bacillus velezensis聽and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor attenuates acute cigarette smoke-induced airway neutrophilia independent of the dioxin response element was written by De Souza, Angela Rico;Traboulsi, Hussein;Wang, Xinyu;Fritz, Jorg H.;Eidelman, David H.;Baglole, Carolyn J.. And the article was included in Frontiers in Immunology in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 172922-91-7 This article mentions the following:

Cigarette smoke is a prevalent respiratory toxicant that remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Cigarette smoke induces inflammation in the lungs and airways that contributes to the development of diseases such as lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Due to the presence of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands in cigarette smoke, activation of the AhR has been implicated in driving this inflammatory response. However, we have previously shown that the AhR suppresses cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary inflammation, but the mechanism by which the AhR achieves its anti-inflammatory function is unknown. In this study, we use the AhR antagonist CH-223191 to inhibit AhR activity in mice. After an acute (3-day) cigarette smoke exposure, AhR inhibition was associated with significantly enhanced neutrophilia in the airways in response to cigarette smoke, mimicking the phenotype of AhR-deficient mice. We then used genetically-modified mouse strains which express an AhR that can bind ligand but either cannot translocate to the nucleus or bind its cognate response element, to show that these features of the AhR pathway are not required for the AhR to suppress pulmonary neutrophilia. Finally, using the non-toxic endogenous AhR ligand FICZ, we provide proof-of-concept that activation of pulmonary AhR attenuates smoke-induced inflammation. Collectively, these results support the importance of AhR activity inmediating its anti-inflammatory function in response to cigarette smoke. Further investigation of the precise mechanisms by which the AhR exerts is protective functions may lead to the development of therapeutic agents to treat people with chronic lung diseases that have an inflammatory etiol., but for which few therapeutic options exist. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,11-Dihydroindolo[3,2-b]carbazole-6-carbaldehyde (cas: 172922-91-7HPLC of Formula: 172922-91-7).

5,11-Dihydroindolo[3,2-b]carbazole-6-carbaldehyde (cas: 172922-91-7) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole could be stereoselectively alkylated with chiral cyclopentyl sulfone reagent. It is used in perfumery and in making tryptophan, an essential amino acid, and indoleacetic acid (heteroauxin), a hormone that promotes the development of roots in plant cuttings.HPLC of Formula: 172922-91-7

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from聽Bacillus thuringiensis聽and聽Bacillus velezensis聽and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Synthesis and biological activities of indole-3-propionic acids was written by Girisha, M.;Badiger, Jaishree;Purohit, M. G.;Thippeswamy, B. S.;Patil, B. M.. And the article was included in Indian Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 2008.Synthetic Route of C14H10ClN This article mentions the following:

Treatment of 2,5-substituted indoles with acrylic acid in presence of acetic acid and acetic anhydride yielded the desired 2,5-substituted indole-3-propionic acids. The structures of compounds were confirmed by IR, NMR and mass spectral data. The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antiinflammatory activity and analgesic activity. All the compounds of this series showed promising antiinflammatory and analgesic activity. The most active compound of this series was 2-ethoxycarbonyl-5-methylindole-3-propionic acid. It was most potent which showed higher percent of inhibition of edema and analgesia. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-2-phenyl-1H-indole (cas: 23746-76-1Synthetic Route of C14H10ClN).

5-Chloro-2-phenyl-1H-indole (cas: 23746-76-1) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole is an important structural motif of various drugs, therapeutic leads besides its prevalence in numerous natural products, agrochemicals, perfumery, and dyes. Due to this activity, the indole ring system has become an important component or intermediate in the synthesis of heterocycles.Synthetic Route of C14H10ClN

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from聽Bacillus thuringiensis聽and聽Bacillus velezensis聽and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles