Identification and characterization of a biosynthetic gene cluster for tryptophan dimers in deep sea-derived Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 03032 was written by Ma, Liang;Zhang, Wenjun;Zhu, Yiguang;Zhang, Guangtao;Zhang, Haibo;Zhang, Qingbo;Zhang, Liping;Yuan, Chengshan;Zhang, Changsheng. And the article was included in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology in 2017.Recommanded Product: 5-Chloroindole-3-carboxaldehyde This article mentions the following:
Tryptophan dimers (TDs) are an important class of natural products with diverse bioactivities and share conserved biosynthetic pathways. We report the identification of a partial gene cluster (spm) responsible for the biosynthesis of a class of unusual TDs with non-planar skeletons including spiroindimicins (SPMs), indimicins (IDMs), and lynamicins (LNMs) from the deep-sea derived Streptomyces sp.SCSIO 03032. Bioinformatics anal., targeted gene disruptions, and heterologous expression studies confirmed the involvement of the spm gene cluster in the biosynthesis of SPM/IDM/LNMs, and revealed the indispensable roles for the halogenase/reductase pair SpmHF, the amino acid oxidase SpmO, and the chromopyrrolic acid (CPA) synthase SpmD, as well as the pos. regulator SpmR and the putative transporter SpmA. However, the spm gene cluster was unable to confer a heterologous host the ability to produce SPM/IDM/LNMs. In addition, the P 450 enzyme SpmP and the monooxygenase SpmX2 were found to be non-relevant to the biosynthesis of SPM/IDM/LNMs. Sequence alignment and structure modeling suggested the lack of key conserved amino acid residues in the substrate-binding pocket of SpmP. Furthermore, feeding experiments in the non-producing 闂佸墽绮锕憁O mutant revealed several biosynthetic precursors en route to SPMs, indicating that key enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of SPMs should be encoded by genes outside of the identified spm gene cluster. Finally, the biosynthetic pathways of SPM/IDM/LNMs are proposed to lay a basis for further insights into their intriguing biosynthetic machinery. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloroindole-3-carboxaldehyde (cas: 827-01-0Recommanded Product: 5-Chloroindole-3-carboxaldehyde).
5-Chloroindole-3-carboxaldehyde (cas: 827-01-0) belongs to indole derivatives. Indole, also called Benzopyrrole, a heterocyclic organic compound occurring in some flower oils, such as jasmine and orange blossom, in coal tar, and in fecal matter.Indole was synthesized in moderate yield via an o-naphthoquinone catalyzed tandem cross-coupling of substituted aniline and benzylamine under aerobic oxidation conditions.Recommanded Product: 5-Chloroindole-3-carboxaldehyde
Referemce:
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Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles