Hepatopathy following consumption of a commercially available blue-green algae dietary supplement in a dog was written by Bautista, Adrienne C.;Moore, Caroline E.;Lin, Yanping;Cline, Martha G.;Benitah, Noemi;Puschner, Birgit. And the article was included in BMC Veterinary Research in 2015.Category: indole-building-block This article mentions the following:
Background: Dietary supplement use in both human and animals to augment overall health continues to increase and represents a potential health risk due to the lack of safety regulations imposed on the manufacturers. Because there are no requirements for demonstrating safety and efficacy prior to marketing, dietary supplements may contain potentially toxic contaminants such as hepatotoxic microcystins produced by several species of blue-green algae. Case presentation: An 11-yr-old female spayed 8.95 kg Pug dog was initially presented for poor appetite, lethargy polyuria, polydipsia, and an inability to get comfortable. Markedly increased liver enzyme activities were detected with no corresponding abnormalities evident on abdominal ultrasound. A few days later the liver enzyme activities were persistently increased and the dog was coagulopathic indicating substantial liver dysfunction. The dog was hospitalized for further care consisting of oral S-adenosylmethionine, silybin, vitamin K, and ursodeoxycholic acid, as well as i.v. ampicillin sodium/sulbactam sodium, dolasetron, N-acetylcysteine, metoclopramide, and i.v. fluids. Improvement of the hepatopathy and the dog’s clin. status was noted over the next three days. Assessment of the dog’s diet revealed the use of a com. available blue-green algae dietary supplement for three-and-a-half weeks prior to hospitalization. The supplement was submitted for toxicol. testing and revealed the presence of hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs), MC-LR and MC-LA. Use of the supplement was discontinued and follow-up evaluation over the next few weeks revealed a complete resolution of the hepatopathy. Conclusions: To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case report of microcystin intoxication in a dog after using a com. available blue-green algae dietary supplement. Veterinarians should recognize the potential harm that these supplements may cause and know that with intervention, recovery is possible. In addition, more prudent oversight of dietary supplement use is recommended for our companion animals to prevent adverse events/intoxications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(5s,6R,8r,9aS)-3-Oxooctahydro-1H-2,6-methanoquinolizin-8-yl 1H-indole-3-carboxylate (cas: 115956-12-2Category: indole-building-block).
rel-(5s,6R,8r,9aS)-3-Oxooctahydro-1H-2,6-methanoquinolizin-8-yl 1H-indole-3-carboxylate (cas: 115956-12-2) belongs to indole derivatives. The indole subunit is an almost ubiquitous component of biologically active natural products, and its study has been the focus of research for decades. They are capable of binding to a variety of receptors with high affinity and thus have applications in a wide range of therapeutic areas.Category: indole-building-block
Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from聽Bacillus thuringiensis聽and聽Bacillus velezensis聽and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles