The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 1401-69-0 is helpful to your research. Computed Properties of https://www.ambeed.com/products/1401-69-0.html.
Catalysts are substances that increase the reaction rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. 1401-69-0, Name is Tylosin, SMILES is O=CC[C@@H](C[C@H]1C)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](N(C)C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O2)O[C@@H]3C[C@@]([C@H]([C@H](C)O3)O)(C)O)O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)CC(O[C@H](CC)[C@@H](CO[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](C)O4)O)OC)OC)/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=O)=O, belongs to indole-building-block compound. In a document, author is Vicari, Hugo Passos, introduce the new discover, Computed Properties of https://www.ambeed.com/products/1401-69-0.html.
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is associated with PML-RAR alpha oncogene, which is treated using all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-based chemotherapy. However, chemoresistance is observed in 20-30% of treated patients and represents a clinical challenge, raising the importance of the development of new therapeutic options. In the present study, the effects of three synthetic cyclopenta[b]indoles on the leukemia phenotype were investigated using NB4 (ATRA-sensitive) and NB4-R2 (ATRA-resistant) cells. Among the tested synthetic cyclopenta[b]indoles, compound 2, which contains a heterocyclic nucleus, was the most active, presenting time-dependent cytotoxic activity in the mu M range in APL cells, without cytotoxicity for normal leukocytes, and was selected for further characterization. Compound 2 significantly decreased clonogenicity, increased apoptosis, and caused cell cycle arrest at S and G(2)/M phases in a drug concentration-dependent manner. Morphological analyses indicated aberrant mitosis and diffuse tubulin staining upon compound 2 exposure, which corroborates cell cycle findings. In the molecular scenario, compound 2 reduced STMN1 expression and activity, and induced PARP1 cleavage and H2AX and CHK2 phosphorylation, and modulated CDKN1A, PMAIP1, GADD45A, and XRCC3 expressions, indicating reduction of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA damage. Moreover, in the in vivo tubulin polymerization assay, NB4 and NB4-R2 cells showed a reduction in the levels of polymerized tubulin upon compound 2 exposure, which indicates tubulin as a target of the drug. Molecular docking supports this hypothesis. Taken together, these data indicated that compound 2 exhibits antileukemic effects through disrupting the microtubule dynamics, identifying a possible novel potential antineoplastic agent for the treatment of ATRA-resistant APL.
The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 1401-69-0 is helpful to your research. Computed Properties of https://www.ambeed.com/products/1401-69-0.html.
Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles