Catalysts are substances that increase the reaction rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. 52488-36-5, Name is 4-Bromo-1H-indole, SMILES is C1=C[NH]C2=C1C(=CC=C2)Br, belongs to indole-building-block compound. In a document, author is Safe, Stephen, introduce the new discover, Product Details of 52488-36-5.
The three-orphan nuclear receptor 4A genes are induced by diverse stressors and stimuli, and there is increasing evidence that NR4A1 (Nur77), NR4A2 (Nurr1), and NR4A3 (Nor1) play an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and in pathophysiology. In blood-derived tumors (leukemias and lymphomas), NR4A expression is low and NR4A1(-/-) /NR4A3(-/-) double knockout mice rapidly develop acute myelocytic leukemia, suggesting that these receptors exhibit tumor suppressor activity. Treatment of leukemia and most lymphoma cells with drugs that induce expression of NR4A1 and NR4A3 enhances apoptosis, and this represents a potential dinical application for treating this disease. In contrast, most solid tumor-derived cell lines express high levels of NR4A1 and NR4A2, and both receptors exhibit pro-oncogenic activities in solid tumors, whereas NR4A3 exhibits tumor-specific activities. Initial studies with retinoids and apoptosis-inducing agents demonstrated that their cytotoxic activity is NR4A1 dependent and involved drug-induced nuclear export of NR4A1 and formation of a mitochondria] proapoptotic NR4A1-bcl-2 complex. Drug-induced nuclear export of NR4A1 has been reported for many agents/ biologics and involves interactions with multiple mitochondrial and extramitochondrial factors to induce apoptosis. Synthetic ligands for NR4A1, NR4A2, and NR4A3 have been identified, and among these compounds, bis-indole derived (CD1M) NR4A1 ligands primarily act on nuclear NR4A1 to inhibit NR4A1-regulated pro-oncogenic pathways/genes and similar results have been observed for CDIMs that bind NR4A2. Based on results of laboratory animal studies development of NR4A inducers (blood-derived cancers) and NR4A1/NR4A2 antagonists (solid tumors) may be promising for cancer therapy and also for enhancing immune surveillance.
The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 52488-36-5 is helpful to your research. Product Details of 52488-36-5.
Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles