60096-23-3 | - Page 3 of 4 - Indole Building Blocks

Dirr, Michael A.’s team published research in Journal of Environmental Horticulture in 1989 | CAS: 60096-23-3

Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate(cas: 60096-23-3) is auxin-family plant hormone, and is thought to be a precursor of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) the most abundant and the basic auxin natively occurring and functioning in plants. IAA generates the majority of auxin effects in intact plants, and is the most potent native auxin.HPLC of Formula: 60096-23-3

Dirr, Michael A. published their research in Journal of Environmental Horticulture on December 31 ,1989. The article was titled 《Rooting response of Photinia × fraseri dress ‘Birmingham’ to 25 carrier and carrier plus IBA formulations》.HPLC of Formula: 60096-23-3 The article contains the following contents:

Twenty-five carriers (solvents) either sep. or in combination with IBA were tested for effectiveness in promoting rooting of Photinia × fraseri Birmingham, Fraser photinia. Maximum rooting percentages, root numbers and lengths resulted from carrier plus IBA solutions, although 85% ethanol produced 87% rooting. IBA plus 95 and 50% ethanol, 20 and 10% polyethylene glycol (PEG), 20 and 1% DMSO (DMSO) produced the highest rooting percentages, root numbers and lengths. K-IBA and water was largely ineffective, suggesting that carriers enhanced the effect of the K-IBA. Twenty percent formulations of PEG, DMSO, and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) without IBA improved rooting response compared to 10 and 1% concentrations The lack of effectiveness of K-IBA and water, and the relative effectiveness of higher rates of PEG, DMSO, and DMF without IBA suggest that carriers may have a significant effect of rooting with or without IBA. The experimental process involved the reaction of Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate(cas: 60096-23-3HPLC of Formula: 60096-23-3)

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Griffin, Jason J.’s team published research in Journal of Environmental Horticulture in 2008 | CAS: 60096-23-3

Reference of Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoateOn March 31, 2008, Griffin, Jason J. published an article in Journal of Environmental Horticulture. The article was 《IBA formulation, concentration, and stock plant growth stage affect rooting of stem cuttings of Viburnum rufidulum》. The article mentions the following:

Viburnum rufidulum Raf. (southern or rusty blackhaw) has potential to be a popular landscape plant as it is an attractive large shrub tolerant of many common landscape stresses. However, propagation difficulties have thus far limited wide scale use. Therefore, the influence of IBA formulation and concentration on adventitious rooting of stem cuttings of southern blackhaw taken at different stock plant growth stages throughout the year were investigated. Liquid formulations of the potassium salt (K-salt) of indolebutyric acid (K-IBA) at 0, 3000, 6000, or 9000 ppm (0, 0.3, 0.6, or 0.9%) as well as talc formulations of IBA at 1000, 3000, or 8000 ppm (0.1, 0.3 or 0.8%) were utilized. Talc formulations failed to stimulate rooting regardless of concentration or growth stage. A quick-dip of K-IBA increased rooting percentage at all growth stages. Softwood and hardwood cuttings had the highest rooting percentages. Hardwood cuttings treated with 6000 ppm (0.6%) or 9000 ppm (0.9%) rooted 90 and 100%, resp. Softwood cuttings treated with 6000 ppm (0.6%) rooted 87%. K-IBA improved root number per rooted cutting for softwood cuttings, whereas root length was unaffected by K-IBA at any growth stage. In the experiment, the researchers used Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate(cas: 60096-23-3Reference of Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate)

Blythe, Eugene K.’s team published research in Journal of Environmental Horticulture in 2004 | CAS: 60096-23-3

Blythe, Eugene K.; Sibley, Jeff L.; Tilt, Ken M.; Ruter, John M. published an article in Journal of Environmental Horticulture. The title of the article was 《Auxin application to stem cuttings of selected woody landscape plants by incorporation into a stabilized organic rooting substrate》.Name: Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate The author mentioned the following in the article:

Stem cuttings of Buxus sinica var. insularis “”Wintergreen””, Elaeagnus × ebbingei, Ficus benjamina, Gardenia augusta “”Radicans””, Ilex glabra “”Nigra””, Ilex vomitoria “”Nana””, Juniperus conferta “”Blue Pacific””, Ternstroemia gymnanthera, and Trachelospermum asiaticum were inserted into a stabilized organic rooting substrate (plugs comprised of peat and a polymer binder) that had been soaked in water, aqueous solutions of K-IBA (15 to 75 ppm), or K-IBA + K-NAA (15 ppm + 7.5 ppm to 60 ppm + 30 ppm). Rooting and initial shoot growth responses were compared with cuttings receiving a basal quick-dip in K-IBA (1000 ppm) or K-IBA + K-NAA (1000 ppm + 500 ppm). Rooting percentage, number of roots per rooted cutting, and total root length per rooted cutting for cuttings rooted in auxin-treated plugs were similar to or greater than cuttings receiving a basal quick-dip; lesser results were obtained in a few cases with K-IBA + K-NAA. Percent of rooted cuttings with new shoots and shoot length per rooted cutting for cuttings rooted in plugs treated with K-IBA were mostly similar to cuttings receiving a basal quick-dip in K-IBA, while cuttings rooted in plugs treated with K-IBA + K-NAA exhibited similar or lesser results compared to cuttings receiving a basal quick-dip in K-IBA + K-NAA. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate(cas: 60096-23-3Name: Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate)

Meyer, Elisabeth M.’s team published research in Journal of Environmental Horticulture in 2009 | CAS: 60096-23-3

Meyer, Elisabeth M.; Le Bude, Anthony V.; Ranney, Thomas G. published their research in Journal of Environmental Horticulture on December 31 ,2009. The article was titled 《Vegetative propagation of Gordonieae trees by stem cuttings》.Name: Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate The article contains the following contents:

The Theaceae tribe Gordonieae contains trees with desirable ornamental characteristics and adaptability to a broad range of environmental conditions. To develop an effective protocol for vegetative propagation of five taxa in the tribe, terminal softwood, semi-hardwood, and hardwood cuttings were collected from these trees and treated with either 0, 2500, 5000, 7500, or 10000 ppm of the potassium salt of indolebutyric acid (K-IBA). The concentration of K-IBA only affected rooting percentage of hardwood cuttings of Franklinia alatamaha, Gordonia lasianthus, and Schima remotiserrata and had varying effects on root number and length of longest root amongst the taxa and cutting types. Franklinia alatamaha and G. lasianthus were rooted at high percentages (> 50%) from hardwood, semihardwood, and softwood cuttings, and S. khasiana rooted at high percentages (72%) from softwood cuttings. Despite poor rooting from all types of stem cuttings (< 23%), Schima remotiserrata and S. wallichii exhibited the highest rooting percentages from hardwood cuttings. Rooting percentage, root number, and length of longest root differed greatly in response to K-IBA concentration amongst the five taxa observed and the cutting types within each taxa. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate(cas: 60096-23-3Name: Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate)

Karam, N. S.’s team published research in Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology in 2004 | CAS: 60096-23-3

Computed Properties of C12H12KNO2On September 30, 2004 ,《Rooting of Cercis siliquastrum cuttings influenced by cutting position on the branch and indole-butyric acid》 was published in Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology. The article was written by Karam, N. S.; Gebre, G. H.. The article contains the following contents:

The effects of cutting position within the source shoot and concentration of 1H-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or its potassium salt (K-IBA) on rooting in Cercis siliquastrum were assessed. Stem cuttings were taken from terminal or basal portions of the shoots in early spring, early summer, or winter and treated with 0, 24, 48, 72 or 96 mM IBA in 50% ethanol or K-IBA in water. Terminal cuttings were also treated with a com. rooting powder containing 0.1, 0.3 or 0.8% IBA. Rooting was unsuccessful except when cuttings were taken in the summer. Percent rooting was not significantly affected by concentration of IBA, but terminal cuttings exhibited higher rooting (43%) than basal ones (13%). Length and dry mass of roots produced per rooted cutting were significantly increased with increasing concentration of IBA. Basal cuttings performed poorly irresp. of K-IBA concentration, whereas terminal cuttings treated with the higher concentrations (72 and 96 mM) exhibited greater rooting than those treated with the lower concentrations (0-48 mM). The highest rooting percentage (80%) was obtained at 72 mM K-IBA, but the shape of the response curve suggests that the optimum concentration is probably slightly above 96 mM, the highest concentration tested. The quantity of roots produced per rooted cutting was not affected by cutting position or K-IBA concentration Treating terminal cuttings with 0.3 or 0.8% IBA powder resulted in 60% or 73% rooting, resp. The slope of the response curve suggests that the optimum might be above 0.8%, the highest concentration tested. The quantity of roots was not affected by IBA powder concentration The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate(cas: 60096-23-3Computed Properties of C12H12KNO2)

Lambert, Christopher R.’s team published research in Journal of Environmental Horticulture in 2012 | CAS: 60096-23-3

Lambert, Christopher R.; Blazich, Frank A.; LeBude, Anthony V. published an article in Journal of Environmental Horticulture. The title of the article was 《Propagation of Ilex vomitoria ‘Dare County’ by stem cuttings》.HPLC of Formula: 60096-23-3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Semi-hardwood or hardwood stem cuttings of Ilex vomitoria Soluble ex Ait. ‘Dare County’ [‘Dare County’ yaupon holly (syn. ‘Virginia Dare’ yaupon holly)] were treated with solutions of the potassium (K) salt (K-salt) of indolebutyric acid (K-IBA) at 0 to 8000 mg·liter-1 (ppm). Nontreated semi-hardwood cuttings rooted at 78% whereas, regardless of auxin treatment, hardwood cuttings taken on two dates rooted at ≤ 15%. Treatment of cuttings with K-IBA was generally ineffective and resulted in a linear decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in percent rooting of semi-hardwood cuttings. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate(cas: 60096-23-3HPLC of Formula: 60096-23-3)

Van Bragt, J.’s team published research in Scientia Horticulturae (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 1976 | CAS: 60096-23-3

The author of 《Rooting of shoot cuttings of ornamental shrubs after immersion in auxin-containing solutions》 were Van Bragt, J.; Van Gelder, H.; Pierik, R. L. M.. And the article was published in Scientia Horticulturae (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 1976. Reference of Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate The author mentioned the following in the article:

Shoot cuttings of Berberis hybrido-gagne painii, B. ottawensis, Cotoneaster salicifolia, Lavandula angustifolia Prunus laurocerasus, Pyracantha, and Viburnum plicatum were immersed in a solution of the auxins, IAA K salt (I K salt) [2338-19-4] and IBA K salt [60096-23-3], in water. In general, this treatment gave better rooting than the commonly used method of dipping the basal part of the cutting in a powder mixture containing auxin. After reading the article, we found that the author used Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate(cas: 60096-23-3Reference of Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate)

Struve, Daniel K.’s team published research in Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science in 1984 | CAS: 60096-23-3

Struve, Daniel K.; Moser, Bruno C. published an article on January 31 ,1984. The article was titled 《Auxin effects on root regeneration of scarlet oak seedlings》, and you may find the article in Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science.Quality Control of Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Dipping root systems of scarlet oak seedlings (Quercus coccinea) in indol-3-butyric acid K salt (K-IBA) [60096-23-3], 2,4-D [94-75-7], 2,4,5-T [93-76-5], 2,4,5-trichloropropanoic acid [93-72-1], β-naphthoxyacetic acid [120-23-0], and NAA [86-87-3], induced a 6-fold increase in adventitious root regeneration, as compared to control seedlings. Time to first root initiation was increased and root elongation rate was decreased for auxin-treated seedlings relative to untreated controls. Under field conditions, 1-yr-old seedlings treated with NAA, at 3000 mg/L, or K-IBA, at 1000 or 3000 mg/L, regenerated more roots and developed greater root length than did control plants. Toothpicks impregnated with a 1000 mg/L K-IBA solution and inserted into tap roots stimulated an 18-fold increase in root length, as compared to control seedlings. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate(cas: 60096-23-3Quality Control of Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate)

Johnson, Emily P.’s team published research in Scientia Horticulturae (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2020 | CAS: 60096-23-3

Application In Synthesis of Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoateOn March 15, 2020, Johnson, Emily P.; Preece, John E.; Aradhya, Malli; Gradziel, Thomas published an article in Scientia Horticulturae (Amsterdam, Netherlands). The article was 《Rooting response of Prunus wild relative semi-hardwood cuttings to indole-3-butyric acid potassium salt (KIBA)》. The article mentions the following:

Wild Prunus germplasm is an important resource for pest and disease resistance traits for the continued improvement of almond and other Prunus rootstocks. Evaluation of resistance in these wild species requires clonal replicates that are traditionally produced by rooting cuttings. Over two consecutive years, leafy cuttings of 20 genotypes of the following wild Prunus species were collected in mid-late May and treated with a 15 s dip in 0, 500, 1000, 2000 or 4000 mg/L of the potassium salt of indole-3-butyric acid (KIBA): almonds (P. argentea (one genotype), P. bucharica (two genotypes), P. dulcis (two genotypes), P. tangutica (three genotypes)), peaches (P. davidiana (two genotypes), P. kansuensis, P. mira (two genotypes), P. persica (three genotypes including a com. peach rootstock, ‘Lovell’)), and plums (P. cerasifera (two genotypes), P. salicina (two genotypes)).. The cuttings were planted in a perlite-vermiculite medium under intermittent mist and periodically checked for roots. The plum species rooted at a higher percentage, and produced more roots than the peach species; and the almond species generally failed to root. The plums produced the most roots at 2000-4000 mg/L KIBA, although rooting in both P. cerasifera and P. salicina was genotype dependent. The plum cuttings that rooted generally produced from 2 to 14 roots that averaged 0.74-1.73 cm long when the cuttings were harvested; one accession produced 60 roots/cutting when treated with 4000 mg/L KIBA. The wild peach species produced the most roots at 1000-4000 mg/L KIBA, with cuttings of P. kansuensis and P. mira having significantly higher rooting percentages than P. davidiana and P. persica cuttings. All of the wild almond species tested did not root or rooted a very low percentage. After reading the article, we found that the author used Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate(cas: 60096-23-3Application In Synthesis of Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate)

Deng, Shubo’s team published research in Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2016 | CAS: 60096-23-3

Deng, Shubo; Chen, Tao; Zhao, Tianning; Yao, Xiaolong; Wang, Bin; Huang, Jun; Wang, Yujue; Yu, Gang published an article on February 15 ,2016. The article was titled 《Role of micropores and nitrogen-containing groups in CO2 adsorption on indole-3-butyric acid potassium derived carbons》, and you may find the article in Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands).Name: Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Nitrogen-rich carbons for CO2 capture have received much attention in recent years, but the role of N-containing groups in CO2 adsorption has not been clearly elucidated. In this study, indole-3-butyric acid potassium (IBAP) as a new precursor was used to prepare the nitrogen-rich carbons via one-step carbonization. The IBAP-derived carbon prepared at 700 °C exhibited high CO2 adsorption of 1.48 mmol/g at 0.15 bar and 4.53 mmol/g at 1 bar and 25 °C, among the highly efficient activated carbons for CO2 adsorption. The high CO2 adsorption was attributed to not only the high volume of effective micropores, but also the effective N-containing groups on the IBAP-derived carbons. When carbonization temperatures increased from 500 °C to 900 °C, the nitrogen contents in the IBAP-derived carbons decreased from 6.35% to 0.70%. XPS anal. confirmed that the pyrrolic-N in IBAP was converted into pyridinic-N, quaternary nitrogen and pyridinic-N-oxide in the carbonization process, and their contents first increased and then decreased with increasing carbonization temperatures Only the pyrrolic-N was proved to be effective for CO2 adsorption on the IBAP-derived carbons, and its contribution to CO2 adsorption was pronounced for the carbons prepared at low temperatures For the well-developed porous carbons, the effective micropores were mainly responsible for CO2 adsorption via micropore filling. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate(cas: 60096-23-3Name: Potassium 4-(1H-indol-3-yl)butanoate)