In homogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in the same phase as the reactant. The number of collisions between reactants and catalyst is at a maximum.In a patent, 4770-03-0, name is 3-Nitro-1H-indole, introducing its new discovery. name: 3-Nitro-1H-indole
Treatment of N-protected indoles 3 with acetyl nitrate generated in situ at low temperatures affords the corresponding 3-nitroindoles 2 in good to excellent yields. Deprotection of 1-acetyl-3-nitroindole (2h) with DBU gives 3-nitroindole (1). Reaction of 5, chloro-3-nitro-1-(phenylsulfonyl)indole (2k) with ethyl isocyanoacetate and base affords the rearranged ethyl 5- chloro-1,8-dihydro-8-(phenylsulfonyl)pyrrolo[2,3-b]indole-2-carboxylate (5). In contrast, treatment of nitroindoles 2d-f with ethyl isocyanoacetate and base affords the expected pyrrolo[3,4-b]indoles 6-8, the products of a normal Barton-Zard pyrrole synthesis.
The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 4770-03-0 is helpful to your research. name: 3-Nitro-1H-indole
Reference：
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles