In homogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in the same phase as the reactant. The number of collisions between reactants and catalyst is at a maximum.In a patent, 3770-50-1, name is Ethyl indole-2-carboxylate, introducing its new discovery. Product Details of 3770-50-1
A new catalytic method to synthesize the important anti-inflammatory agent naproxen [(S)-1] which has to be used as the (S) enantiomer, involves the enantioselective decarboxylation of the 6-methoxynaphth-2-yl derivative 2 of 2-cyanopropionic acid. Compound 2 was stirred in THF at 15 C with catalytic amounts of chiral bases, which abstracted the carboxyl proton. After decarboxylation, reprotonation of the anion of 6 afforded the enantiomerically enriched naproxen nitrile 6, which may be hydrolyzed to naproxen. A variety of bases were screened, and cinchona alkaloids were found to give the best enantioselectivities. Thus, with quinidine 10, up to 34% ee was obtained for (S)-6. The enantiomeric excess could be increased by turning to amides of 9-amino-9-deoxyepicinchona alkaloids. The most successful 2- ethoxybenzantide 31a of 9-amino-9-deoxyepicinchonine 11 gave up to 71.9% ee (S)-6. Cyclic ethers like THF were suitable solvents, and at a temperature of 15 C, conversion was quantitative within 24 h in most cases. For high enantioselectivities, 5-10 mol-% of chiral base was sufficient, and the catalyst could be fully recycled after decarboxylation. The model compound 2- cyano-2-phenylpropionic acid (40) was decarboxylated with base 31a to the (S) enantiomer of the corresponding nitrile 41 with 60% ee.
The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 3770-50-1 is helpful to your research. Computed Properties of C11H11NO2
Reference：
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles