Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 141556-42-5, is researched, Molecular C21H24N2, about Computational Exploration of Mechanistic Avenues in C-H Activation Assisted Pd-Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling, the main research direction is bond activation palladium catalyzed carbonylative coupling aryl bromide polyfluoroarene.Related Products of 141556-42-5.
The detailed mechanism of the intermol. Pd-catalyzed carbonylative coupling reaction between aryl bromides and polyfluoroarenes relying on C(sp2)-H activation was investigated using state-of-the-art computational methods (SMD-B3LYP-D3(BJ)/BS2//B3LYP-D3/BS1). The mechanism unveils the necessary and important roles of a slight excess of carbon monoxide: acting as a ligand in the active catalyst state, participating as a reactant in the carbonylation process, and accelerating the final reductive elimination event. Importantly, the desired carbonylative coupling route follows the rate-limiting C-H activation process via the concerted metalation-deprotonation pathway, which is slightly more feasible than the decarboxylative route leading to byproduct formation by 1.2 kcal/mol. The analyses of the free energies indicate that the choice of base has a significant effect on the reaction mechanism and its energetics. The Cs2CO3 base guides the reaction toward the coupling route, whereas carbonate bases such as K2CO3 and Na2CO3 switch toward an undesired decarboxylative path. However, K3PO4 significantly reduces the C-H activation barrier over the decarboxylation reaction barrier and can act as a potential alternative base. The positional influence of a methoxy substituent in bromoanisole and different substituent effects in polyfluoroarenes were also considered. Our results show that different substituents impose significant impact on the desired carbonylative product formation energetics. Considering the influence of several ligands leads to the conclusion that other phosphine and N-heterocyclic carbene, such as PnBuAd2 and IMes, can be used as an efficient alternative than the exptl. reported PtBu3 ligand exhibiting a clear preference for C-H activation (ΔΔGLS) by 7.1 and 10.9 kcal/mol, resp. We have also utilized the energetic span model to interpret the exptl. results. Moreover, to elucidate the origin of activation barriers, energy decomposition anal. calculations were accomplished for the critical transition states populating the energy profiles.
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Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles